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Video course abdominal ultrasound
Examination of the hepatobiliary system: Examination of the gall bladder region
Author: Prof. Dr. Christoph F. Dietrich, Caritas Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim.
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Latest research in brief:
Bowel
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Cao Y et al, Gut. 2018;67(4):672-8
Long-term use of antibiotics and risk of colorectal adenoma: Analysis of the Nurses’ Health Study reveals that long-term antibiotic use in early-to-middle adulthood is associated with increased risk of colorectal adenoma.
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Jeppesen PB et al, Gastroenterology. 2018;154(4):874-85
Efficacy of teduglutide to treat short-bowel syndrome: Post-hoc analysis of a phase 3 trial reveals that patients with jejunostomy or ileostomy respond significantly better to teduglutide therapy with regard to volume changes of parenteral nutrition.
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Bouhnik Y et al, Gut. 2018;67(1):53-60
Efficacy of adalimumab in patients with Crohn’s disease with symptomatic small bowel stricture: Successful response to adalimumab occurs in about two thirds of patients and was prolonged in nearly half of them. Approximately half of the patients treated with adalimumab did not require bowel resection within 4 years of follow-up.
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Liver Biliary Tracts
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Innes H et al, J Hepatol. 2018;68(4):646-54
Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after interferon-free therapy of hepatitis C: A recent study demonstrates clearly that the higher incidence of HCC in cirrhotic patients observed after interferon-free therapy compared to interferon-based therapy is due to more liberal patient selection and not due to interferon-free therapy per se. Indeed, after introduction of interferon-free treatment, patients tend to be older, are more likely to have Child-Turcotte-Pugh B or C versus A, have more often thrombocytopenia, and are more often treatment-experienced.
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Harrison SA et al, Lancet. 2018;391(10126):1174-85
New treatment concept for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): NGM282 is an analogue of FGF19 hormone which regulates bile acid synthesis and glucose homeostasis. In a current phase 2 trial, NGM282 induced significant reduction of liver fat content in approx. three-quarters of patients and had an acceptable safety profile. Further study of NGM282 in NASH patients is warranted.
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Kudo M et al, Lancet. 2018;391(10126):1163-73
New treatment option for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): In a current phase 3 trial, lenvatinib was non-inferior to sorafenib (median survival 13.6 vs. 12.3 months). Tolerability profiles were similar for both drugs, however, lenvatinib less frequently caused palmar-plantar erythrodysethesia.
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Oesophagus Stomach Duodenum
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Aziz I et al, Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;3(4):252-62
Prevalence of functional dyspepsia in the USA, Canada and the UK: Approximately 10% of the adult population fulfills symptom-based Rome IV criteria of functional dyspepsia, which results in considerable associated health impairment.
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Ness-Jensen E et al, Gut. 2018;67(2):209-15
Mortality in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: Individuals with severe reflux symptoms do not seem to have increased all-cause or cancer-specific mortality. However, mortality rates for esophageal adenocarcinoma are moderately, but significantly increased.
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Fiolet T et al, BMJ. 2018;360:k322
Consumption of ultra-processed foods and cancer risk: A large prospective cohort study reveals that increased intake of ultra-processed foods is associated with a significantly increased risk of overall and breast cancer.
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Pancreas
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van Brunschot S et al, Gut. 2018;67(4):697-706
Necrotising pancreatitis: Minimally invasive surgical or endoscopic necrosectomy are associated with reduced death rates compared with open necrosectomy in high-risk patients.
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International Symposia and Workshops
Symposium 211
XXV International Bile Acid Meeting:
Bile Acids in Health and Disease 2018
July 6-7, 2018, Dublin, Ireland
Clayton Hotel Burlington Road, Upper Leeson Street, D04 A318 Dublin 4, Ireland
Registration
Online registration
Current Falk literature:
Ulcerative colitis
Crohn’s disease
An overview of the diseases and their treatment
Authors: J. Schölmerich, G. Rogler,
H. Herfarth
(60 pages)
S80e