Video course abdominal ultrasound
Examination of the kidneys:
Left kidney, topography
Author: Prof. Dr. Christoph F. Dietrich, Caritas Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim.
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Latest research in brief:
Bowel
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Miehlke S et al, Gastroenterology. 2018;155(6):1795–804.e1793
Therapy for lymphocytic colitis: A randomized multicenter trial confirmed that oral budesonide (9 mg/day) is effective and safe for induction of clinical and histological remission, while mesalazine was not significantly better than placebo.
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Vajravelu RK et al, Gastroenterology. 2018;155(5):1416–27
Risk factors of recurrent diverticular hemorrhage: Evaluation of a large retrospective cohort study reveals that platelet aggregation inhibitors, but not anticoagulants, are associated with recurrent diverticular hemorrhage. Discontinuing anticoagulation is rather associated with increased hazard for ischemic stroke.
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Verstockt B et al, Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2018;48(7):731–9
Impact of early adalimumab serum level measurements in anti-TNF-naive Crohn’s disease patients: Results of a prospective single-center study show that early monitoring of adalimumab serum levels at week 4 and 12 may be useful to guide dose optimization, which may prevent immunogenicity and influence long-term disease outcome.
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Liver Biliary Tracts
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Sanyal A et al, Lancet 2019;392(10165):2705-2717
Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH): A phase 2a trial currently published in Lancet demonstrates that pegbelfermin, a PEGylated human fibroblast growth factor 21 analogue for subcutaneous administration, significantly reduces hepatic fat fraction. Additional studies need to analyze the effect of this promising therapeutic strategy on liver histology.
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Ajmera VH et al, J Hepatol. 2019;70(1):126-132
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Based on a current cohort study, a longer duration of lactation, particularly > 6 months, is associated with lower odds of NAFLD in mid-life. Thus, next to known advantages for the child, duration of lactation may be a modifiable risk factor for NAFLD.
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Montano-Loza AJ et al, Gastroenterology 2019;156(1):96-107
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC): In a current study, next to younger age at the time of diagnosis of PBC or at liver transplantation, tacrolimus use was associated with PBC recurrence. In contrast, cyclosporine reduced risk of PBC recurrence in this study.
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Oesophagus Stomach Duodenum
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Ray WA et al, JAMA. 2018;320(21):2221–30
Association of oral anticoagulants and proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) co-therapy with hospitalization for upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding: Results from a large retrospective cohort comprising more than 1,6 mio. patients reveal that the incidence of hospitalizations is highest in patients prescribed rivaroxaban and lowest for patients prescribed apixaban and could be reduced by combination with PPIs.
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Sawas T et al, Gastroenterology. 2018;155(6):1720–8.e1724
Prognostic subtypes of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC): Two types of EAC with significantly different mortality risks can be characterized based on the presence or absence of Barrett’s esophagus at tumor diagnosis. These findings could reflect differences in tumor biology and could be useful in management and prognosis of patients.
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Chen MJ et al, Am J Gastroenterol. 2018;113(10):1444–57
Meta-analysis for first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori: Concomitant therapy (proton-pump inhibitor [PPI], amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metrondiazol) for 5 or 10 days is superior to 5-, 7- or 10-day triple therapy (PPI, amoxicillin and clarithromycin), but not superior to 14-day triple therapy.
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Pancreas
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Sadr-Azodi O et al, Am J Gastroenterol. 2018;113(11):1711–9
Pancreatic cancer following acute pancreatitis: A large cohort study from Sweden suggests that the diagnosis of pre-existing pancreatic cancer may be delayed if clinically presented as acute pancreatitis. Any association of non-biliary acute pancreatitis with cancer in the long-term (> 10 years) could be mediated through recurrent acute or chronic pancreatitis.
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Workshop
From Viral Hepatitis to Chronic Inflammation and Liver Cancer
February 21–22, 2019, Heidelberg, Germany
Hörsaalzentrum Chemie, Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 252, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Registration
Online registration
Symposium 214
IBD: From Pathophysiology to Personalized Medicine
March 29–30, 2019, Oxford, United Kingdom
Examination Schools, 75-81, High Street, Oxford OX1 4BG, United Kingdom
Registration
Online registration
Current Falk literature:
What you should know about gallstone treatment
Compiled by: M. Sackmann
(29 pages)
U85e