Falk Gastro Info 10/2016

Video

Video course abdominal ultrasound
Examination of the mediastinum: Paratracheal region

Author: Prof. Dr. Christoph F. Dietrich, Caritas Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim.

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Latest research in brief:

Bowel

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Shelton E et al, Gastroenterology. 2016;151(1):97–109.e4

Cancer recurrence following immunosuppressive therapies in immune-mediated diseases: Cancer recurrence rates are similar among individuals with prior cancer who received no immunosuppression, anti-TNF therapy, immune-modulator therapy, or combination treatments.

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Löwe B et al, Am J Gastroenterol. 2016;111(9):1320–9

Irritable bowel syndrome: Gastrointestinal infections as well as predisposing factors such as female gender, vulnerability to diarrhea under stress, illness anxiety, and somatic symptom burden predict the development of IBS.

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Brotherton CS et al, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;14(8):1130–6

Nutrition in IBD: Avoidance of fiber is associated with greater risk of Crohn’s disease flare.

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Liver Biliary Tracts

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Stanaway JD et al, Lancet. 2016;388(10049):1081–8

Epidemiology of viral hepatitis: A current analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 reveals that viral hepatitis is the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. Despite available vaccinations and therapies, the absolute burden and relative rank of viral hepatitis increased between 1990 and 2013.

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Bogomolov P et al, J Hepatol. 2016;65(3):490–8

Chronic hepatitis D: In a phase Ib/IIa study, the entry inhibitor myrcludex B displayed a strong antiviral potential in patients with chronic hepatitis D virus infection. The combination with pegylated interferon-a showed a strong synergistic effect on HBV DNA and HDV RNA.

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Nevens F et al, N Engl J Med. 2016;375(7):631–43

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC): In patients with PBC, administration of obeticholic acid alone or in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid for 12 months led to a significant reduction of alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin levels. However, obeticholic acid was associated with increased frequencies of pruritus and serious adverse events.

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Oesophagus Stomach Duodenum

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Repici A et al, Gastrointest Endosc. 2016;84(2):222–8

Benign esophageal strictures: Only 1 of 3 patients with refractory strictures achieves clinical resolution with endoscopic therapy. Most patients require frequent follow-up interventions and do not profit from stent placement.

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Murakami K et al, Gut. 2016;65(9):1439–46

Helicobacter pylori: Vonoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker is effective as part of first- and second-line triple therapy in H. pylori-positive patients with a history of ulcer disease.

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Navari RM et al, N Engl J Med. 2016;375(2):134–42

Antiemetic therapies: Olanzapine in combination with antiemetogenic standard therapies significantly improves chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

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