Video course abdominal ultrasound
Examination of abdominal vessels – Right renal artery
Author: Prof. Dr. Christoph F. Dietrich ©2019 Falk Foundation e.V., Freiburg. All rights reserved.
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Bowel
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Kennedy NA et al, Gut. 2021;70(5):865–75
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients treated with infliximab: Infliximab was associated with attenuated serological responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, that were further blunted by immunomodulators used as concomitant therapy in a large British cohort study.
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Ungaro RC et al, Gut. 2021;70(4):725–32
Effect of IBD medications on COVID-19 outcomes: Combination therapy and monotherapy with thiopurines may be associated with an increased risk of severe COVID-19 as compared to TNF antibodies. There were no differences between the individual biologicals.
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Saha S et al, Gastroenterology. 2021;160(6):1961–9.e3
Long-term safety of fecal microbiota transfer for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection: FMT appears safe with low risk of transmission of infections in a cohort study involving 609 cases. However, several new diagnoses were reported, which should be explored in future prospective studies.
Liver Biliary Tracts
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Krassenburg LAP et al, J Hepatol. 2021;74(5):1053–63
Hepatitis C virus (HCV):The benefit of HCV therapy in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis is controversial. A recent study shows that treatment response is associated with a reduced risk of disease progression in patients with Child-Pugh A cirrhosis, but not in patients with Child-Pugh B/C cirrhosis. In Child-Pugh B/C cirrhosis, 19% of patients displayed a MELD (Model of End-stage Liver Disease) score decrease of ≥ 2 points, but this did not lead to an improved clinical outcome.
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Eaton JE et al, Hepatology. 2021;73(5):1868–81
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC): A recent multicenter retrospective analysis shows that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior to ultrasound for the detection of early-stage cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Diagnosing CCA by MRI before the onset of symptoms is associated with improved outcomes.
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van Rijn R et al, N Engl J Med. 2021;384(15):1391–401
Liver transplantation (LT): The transplantation of livers from donors after circulatory death is associated with an increased risk of non-anastomotic biliary strictures. A current prospective, randomized study shows that hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion lowers the risk of non-anastomotic biliary strictures in this constellation compared to conventional static cold storage.
Oesophagus Stomach Duodenum
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Chen RY et al, N Engl J Med. 2021;384(16):1517–28
Microbiota-directed food intervention for undernutrition: The findings of a trial from Bangladesh suggest that MDCF-2, a prebiotic dietary supplement, improves body growth in children with acute moderate malnutrition, suggesting that manipulation of the microbiota may be linked to growth.
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Penny HA et al, Gut. 2021;70(5):876–83
Serology-based diagnostics of celiac disease in adults: Results of 3 independent patient cohorts show that IgA transglutaminase titers of ≥ 10 x ULN have a strong predictive value to identify adults with intestinal changes diagnostic of celiac disease, thereby supporting a no-biopsy diagnostic approach.
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Wilding JPH et al, N Engl J Med. 2021;384(11):989–1002
Medical therapy for obesity: Once-weekly injections of the GLP-1 analogue semaglutide plus life style interventions in a phase 3 trial were associated with sustained and clinically meaningful reductions in body weight.
Pancreas
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Sperna Weiland CJ et al, Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;6(5):350–8
Aggressive periprocedural hydration to prevent post-ERCP-pancreatitis (PEP): aggressive hydration therapy in addition to rectal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) did not reduce the PEP incidence as compared to rectal NSAID alone.
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